2.32: Know that Alkalis can Neutralise Acids

NEUTRALISATION: Reaction which removes Acidity or Alkalinity of solution

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• When Alkali is added to an Acid, the pH of mixture rises as the Alkali reacts with Acid to form a neutral solution
• When an Acid is added to an Alkali, the pH of the mixture falls as the Acid reacts with Alkali to form a Neutral Solution

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NEUTRALISATION REACTION:

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Neutralisation reaction involving an Acid and base (Alkali) will always produce a Salt and Water:

Acid    +    Base (Alkali)   →    Salt    +    Water

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When H+ ions from an Acid reacts with the OH- ions from an Alkali, this forms Water, causing the neutral solution to be formed:

H+ (aq)    +    OH- (aq)   →    H2O (l)

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The Name of the Salt Produced can be Predicted:

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ACID REACTED	SALT
HYDROCHLORIC ACID	Salt will be a Chloride
NITRIC ACID	Salt will be a Nitrate
SULFURIC ACID	Salt will be a Sulfate