1.2: Understand the Interconversions between the Three States of Matter in Terms of: The Names of the Interconversions, How they are Achieved, the Changes in Arrangement, Movement and Energy of the Particles

INTERCONVERSIONS BETWEEN STATES OF MATTER:

Diagram showing the interconversions between the states of matter

EXPLANATION:

CHANGE	EXPLANATION
SOLID → LIQUID MELTING	Heat the Solid until it Melts Particles gain kinetic energy and vibrates faster, allowing particles to overcome forces of attraction that hold them together in the solid Regular pattern is broken down and particles can now slide past one another
LIQUID → SOLID FREEZING	Cool the Liquid until it Freezes Particles lose kinetic energy, allowing forces of attraction between the particles to hold them together Particles arrange themselves into a regular pattern and are no longer able to slide past one another
LIQUID → GAS EVAPORATING	Heat the Liquid until it Boils Particles gain kinetic energy and move further apart, causing the forces of attraction between them to be completely broken and escape from liquid
GAS → LIQUID CONDENSING	Cool the Gas until it Condenses Particles lose kinetic energy and vibrates faster, allowing forces of attraction to bring particles closer together Particles eventually clump together to form a liquid
SOLID → GAS SUBLIMATION	Heat the Solid until it Sublimes Particles gain kinetic energy and vibrates faster, causing forces of attraction between particles to be completely broken and escape from solid