DISPLACEMENT REACTION: A Reaction in Which a More Reactive Metal Replaces a Less Reactive One
sREACTIVITY SERIES:
METAL | ABBREVIATION |
MOST REACTIVE | |
POTASSIUM | P - Please |
SODIUM | S - Send |
LITHIUM | L - Lions, |
CALCIUM | C - Cats, |
MAGNESIUM | M - Monkeys, |
ALUMINIUM | A - And |
CARBON | C - Cute |
ZINC | Z - Zebras |
IRON | I - Into |
HYDROGEN | H - Hot |
COPPER | C - Countries |
SILVER | S - Signed |
GOLD | G - Gordon |
LEAST REACTIVE |
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ARRANGEMENT OF REACTIVITY SERIES BASED ON DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS BETWEEN METAL OXIDES AND AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF METAL SALTS
sReactivity of Metals increases as you go up the Reactivity Series, therefore a Metal will only displace another Metal that is below it in the Reactivity Series
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*REDUCING METAL OXIDES:
sA Metal Oxide can be reduced by heating it with a Metal (the reducing agent) higher in the Reactivity Series
sDEFINITIONS:
TERM | DEFINITION |
METAL OXIDE | Compound of a Metal and Oxygen |
REDUCTION | When Oxygen is removed from compound |
REDUCING AGENT | Substance that carries out reduction |
Example: Copper (II) Oxide
Copper (II) Oxide can be reduced by heating it with Magnesium. As Magnesium is above Copper in the Reactivity Series, Magnesium is more reactive so can displace Copper:
s CuO (s) + Mg (s) → Cu (s) + MgO (s) |
*Reducing agent in this reaction is Magnesium
sOther Common Reactions:
MIXTURE | PRODUCTS | EQUATION FOR REACTION |
Iron (III) Oxide and Aluminium | Iron and Aluminium Oxide | Fe2O3 + 2Al → 2Fe + Al2O3 |
Sodium Oxide and Magnesium | No Reaction | - |
Silver Oxide and Copper | Silver and Copper (II) Oxide | Ag2O + Cu → 2Ag + CuO |
Zinc Oxide and Calcium | Zinc and Calcium Oxide | ZnO + Ca → Zn + CaO |
Lead (II) Oxide and Silver | No Reaction | - |
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*DISPLACEMENT OF METALS FROM THEIR SALTS:
sAny Metal will displace another Metal from a solution of one of its salts if it is below it in the Reactivity Series
sExample: Zinc and Copper (II) Sulfate Solution
sAs Zinc is above Copper in the Reactivity Series, Zinc is more reactive so can displace Copper from Copper (II) Sulfate Solution:
s Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s) |
Other Common Reactions:
sMIXTURE | PRODUCTS | EQUATION FOR REACTION |
Magnesium and Iron (II) Sulfate | Magnesium Sulfate and Iron | Mg + FeSO4 → MgSO4 + Fe |
Zinc and Sodium Chloride | No Reaction | - |
Lead and Silver Nitrate | Lead (II) Nitrate and Silver | Pb + 2AgNO3 → Pb (NO3)2 + 2Ag |
Copper and Calcium Chloride | No Reaction | - |
Iron and Copper (II) Sulfate | Iron (II) Sulfate and Copper | Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu |
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